He studied chemistry and natural sciences at the University of Leipzig, and after graduation, worked as an assistant at the vocational school in Chemnitz.
In 1862 he took part in Karl Klaus von der Decken's expedition in East Africa, where the two men made a partial ascent (4280 m) of Mount Kilimanjaro.
In 1863 he traveled with von der Decken to the Seychelles and the Mascarenes, and during the following year, Kersten visited Madagascar, the Comoros and Mafia Island.
In 1878, with Robert Jannasch, he founded the Zentralverein für Handelsgeographie (Central Association for Economic Geography).
[7] The redspot barb, Enteromius kerstenii (W. Peters, 1868), is a species of freshwater cyprinid fish found in East Africa.