Livingston has a dual role as Mesquiteer Stony Brooke and his outlaw doppelgänger Dude Brannen.

Films in the Mesquiteer series are normally considered traditional Westerns but Outlaws of Sonora is an exception; it has a revisionist theme as an early example of the Outlaw/Gunfighter sub-genre.

[2][3] Stony, Tucson and Lullaby are hired by the Mesquite County Cattleman's Association in Cactusville to collect a payroll from a bank in distant Red Rock.

Having decided that the gang has made enough money to live well and go to Mexico, Brannen has the idea of plastic surgery done to end the resemblance.

All three ride to another hideout but Stony's wound has made him ill and the others fetch Doc Martin from Red Rock.

A fracas begins and all the outlaws are captured except Brannen who manages to reach his horse with Stony in pursuit.