These services connect Oviedo with the other main centres of Asturias and the remainder of the Cantabrian Sea coast, and with other parts of Spain including the inland plateau, the Levante and Catalonia.

[3] A number of railway lines start from or pass through the station, carrying long- and medium-distance, regional and suburban services.

In 2013 the FEVE company was amalgamated with Renfe, which became the sole operator of services using the station, while Adif became responsible for all the railway plant, both broad-gauge and narrow-gauge lines.

Despite the frontage's sober and functional appearance, the large centrally placed clock attracts the viewer's attention.

While the main passenger terminal has not undergone major changes since the 1946 reconstruction, the platform area and the incoming railway tracks have since then been covered over by the imposing paved precinct, designed by Leonardo Fernández Troyano, which rests on 220 columns.

Facilities provided at the station include a foyer, ticket office and machines, information points, business premises, cafetería and restaurant, kiosk, car hire, luggage store and toilets.

These run several times each day and connect Oviedo with Gijón and Madrid-Chamartín, calling at León or Valladolid-Campo Grande.

Other cities reachable direct by train from Oviedo include Albacete-Los Llanos, Alicante, Cádiz, Córdoba, Seville-Santa Justa, Valencia-Nord, Zaragoza–Delicias and Barcelona Sants.

Renfe medium distance services connect this station with León, Oviedo and Gijón, with one train continuing to Valladolid.

Under the Feve brand, Renfe operates regional services on narrow-gauge lines, connecting Oviedo with Santander and Ferrol.