The Assembly convenes at the Wisma Seri Pahang in the state capital, Kuantan.

As the state's legislative body, the Pahang State Legislative Assembly's main function is to enact laws that apply to Pahang, known as enactments.

The Speaker presides over the Assembly's proceedings, and works to maintain order during debates.

The state government's executive branch (known as the State Executive Council (EXCO), or Majlis Mesyuarat Kerajaan Negeri), including the Menteri Besar, are drawn from the Assembly.

The Menteri Besar is ceremonially appointed by the Sultan of Pahang on the basis that he is able to command a majority in the Assembly.