There are five towns in the district: Barwala, Kalka, Panchkula, Pinjore and Raipur Rani.

Chandimandir Cantonment is located in this district, adjoining the Panchkula Urban Estate.

The primary languages spoken in the district are Hindi, Standard Haryanvi and Puadhi dialect of Punjabi.

After his retreat, the region was dotted with various minor principalities such as Ramgarh, Raipur, Kotaha and Kizhirabad, which were practically independent.

In 1755, Adina Beg defeated Qutub Khan, and in return was given the sarkar of Sirhind, included present Panchkula district.

Afghan rule was ended when the Sikhs killed Abdali's governor, Zain Khan Sirhindi, in 1763.

The 1857 Rebellion had a nerve centre in nearby Ambala, and Panchkula played a role in supporting the rebels.

[1] Ambala produced many freedom fighters such as Lala Muralidhar, who exhorted the people to fight against the British.

In 1950, the city of Chandigarh was founded in the then-middle of Punjab, situated very close to Panchkula.