Panyit Miskolc
[2] When the Mongols invaded the Kingdom of Poland for the second time at the turn of 1259 and 1260, a second invasion of Hungary eleven years after the first catastrophic defeat became a real threat.
King Béla IV of Hungary sent his envoy Panyit Miskolc to the court of Khan Berke in the spring of 1260 to successfully fend off the attack by diplomatic means.
Three years later, in 1263, Panyit – now a member of the retinue of Duke Stephen – was again entrusted to travel to the Mongols after a brief looting raid along the southeastern border.
Panyit's long-time rival was Ernye Ákos, who also extended his influence in Borsod County in the previous decades and was considered a faithful supporter of Béla IV.
[5] Béla IV's army crossed the Danube under Anna's command sometime after the autumn of 1264, which marked the beginning of the civil war between father and son.
[6] Based on two documents, historians Gyula Pauler and Jenő Szűcs argued Panyit Miskolc arrived at the protracted siege with a rescue army and relieved the castle.
Historian Attila Zsoldos argues Panyit was enlisted to the royal army by force during the early stage of civil war and he switched allegiance officially at the siege of Feketehalom.
[7] Because of the prolonged siege of Feketehalom (which, in fact, failed by then) royal general Henry Kőszegi sent Ernye Ákos with an army of Cuman warriors to Tiszántúl, in order to support the besiegers and, later, to hinder Duke Stephen's counter-offensive.
In the summer of 1266, Stephen and Béla IV – who reconciled a few months earlier – jointly invaded Bulgaria, seized Vidin and other forts and routed the Bulgarians in five battles.
Panyit participated in the war and was entrusted to lead an army which successfully besieged and occupied Pleven, according to a royal charter from 1270.
He invited "German" (Styrian) knights into his seat, Pölöske, Zala County, and took an oath of allegiance to Ottokar II of Bohemia, long-time enemy of the Árpád dynasty.
Hahót's revolt its suppression resulted that, instead of peaceful conciliation, several lords, who possessed lands along the western border, including Henry Kőszegi, followed Duchess Anna into exile to Bohemia and handed their castles to Ottokar II.
[14] It soon escalated into war by the spring of 1271, when Ottokar invaded the lands north of the Danube in April 1271 and captured a number of important fortresses in Upper Hungary.
[17] In the royal court, Panyit had to satisfy with minor positions; he was referred to as head of Gacka (Gecske) źupa in the Kingdom of Croatia from November 1272 to April 1273.
They were involved in various clashes and lawsuits with the local powerful lord Stephen Ákos, who continued his father Ernye's policy and gradually extend his growing political influence over Borsod County and the surrounding areas.
