Pareiasauromorpha

Family Nycteroleteridae Superfamily Pareiasauroidea Pareiasauromorpha is a group of parareptilian amniotes from the Permian.

In their 2012 publication, Tsuji et al. defined it as a monophyletic node containing "nycteroleters" (the family Nycteroleteridae) and "pareiasaurs" (in the superfamily Pareiasauroidea).

[1][2] Pareiasauroidea is a superfamily, called "pareiasaurs", that is classified as the sister group to "nycteroleters".

[1][2] The cladogram below was found in 2011 by Tsuji,[1] and modified in 2012 by Tsuji et al.:[2] Nyctiphruretus Procolophon Barasaurus Owenetta Macroleter Bashkyroleter Rhipaeosaurus Emeroleter Nycteroleter "Bashkyroleter" mesensis Bradysaurus Scutosaurus Pareiasuchus A later study of parareptilian relationships published by Cisneros et al. (2021) recovered a diphyletic Lanthanosuchoidea, with Lanthanosuchus nested within Pareiasauromorpha:[3] Acleistorhinidae Nyctiphruretus Abyssomedon Procolophon Barasaurus "Owenetta" kitchingorum Lanthanosuchus Macroleter Bashkyroleter Rhipaeosaurus Emeroleter Nycteroleter "Bashkyroleter" mesensis Bradysaurus Scutosaurus Pareiasuchus Pareiasauromorphs are known from across the globe, with large numbers of genera from the Karoo Basin of South Africa, and Asia.

[1] Among pareiasaurs, the genera Pareiasaurus, Anthodon, Bradysaurus, Pareiasuchus, Embrithosaurus, Nochelesaurus, Nanoparia, Pumiliopareia and "The Welgevonden Pareiasaur" are known from the Karoo Basin; Scutosaurus, Obirkovia and Deltavjatia are from Russia; Shihtienfenia, Shanchuansaurus and Shansisaurus are from China; Parasaurus is known from Germany; Bunostegos is known from Niger; Arganaceras is from Morocco; Provelosaurus is known from Brazil; and Elginia is from Scotland.

Mounted skeleton of Bradysaurus , also a pareiasaur, Berlin's Natural History Museum
Skeleton of Scutosaurus , a well-known pareiasaur