Parlement of Toulouse

It was first created in 1420, but definitely established by edicts in 1437 and 1443 by Charles VII as an appellate court of justice on civil, criminal and ecclesiastic affairs for the Languedoc region, including Quercy, the County of Foix and Armagnac.

Its purview extended from the Rhône to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Pyrénées to the Massif Central, but the creation of the Parlement of Bordeaux in 1462 removed from its jurisdiction Guyenne, Gascony, Landes, Agenais, Béarn and Périgord.

The Parlement was charged with operating Toulouse's inquisition, burning at least eighteen Protestants alive in the mid-16th century.

It was a center of Catholic resistance to the Reformation in the run-up to the 1562 Toulouse Riots and, following its victory on that occasion, completely dominated the town's capitouls.

In 1590, during the French Wars of Religion, Henry IV created the rival Parlement of Carcassonne, attended by parliamentarians faithful to the king.