As of 2023-24 it carries 5.863 million passengers per year, making it the fourth-busiest station on the metropolitan network,[2] approximately half of its usage prior to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

It is served by Burnley, Caulfield, Clifton Hill and Northern group lines, part of the Melbourne railway network.

[3][6] Parliament station is owned by VicTrack, a state government agency, and is operated by Metro Trains Melbourne.

[16] The station is compliant with the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 as there are lifts linking the concourse with both the platforms and street level.

That choice of design mean that the remaining pillar of rock between the tunnels too weak to support the required loads, so it was replaced with concrete.

[1] The booking hall to the south was constructed "upside down", with the support columns being dug with augers from ground level, then filled with concrete.

Once complete, the excavation of the booking hall was carried out underneath, while road traffic continued overhead.

[8][20] On 31 January 2021, a major timetable revision occurred to allow for the operation of the High Capacity Metro Trains, as well as more frequent services on both the Northern and Caulfield Groups.

On 6 February 2023, early works commenced for stage 2 at Parliament station, which were expected to be complete by late 2023.

[24][25]The improvements include:[25] Parliament station is served by 11 lines which are separated into four groups and are operated by Metro Trains Melbourne.

[22][23] Platform 4 is served by the Burnley Group, which consists of Alamein, Belgrave, Glen Waverley and Lilydale lines.