In August 2019, the Government of India abrogated Article 370, revoking the state's special status and reorganizing it into two separate union territories.
Article 371A: Special provisions for Nagaland, safeguarding its religious and social practices, customary laws, and administration of civil and criminal justice.
Article 371B: Special provisions for Assam, ensuring equitable distribution of legislative and executive powers between the Union and the state government.
Article 371F: Special provisions for the state of Mizoram, ensuring protection of its social and customary laws, administration of civil and criminal justice, and equitable opportunities in education and public employment.
Article 371G: Special provisions for the state of Arunachal Pradesh, safeguarding its religious and social practices, customary laws, and administration of civil and criminal justice.
Article 371H: Special provisions for the state of Goa, ensuring equitable opportunities in education and public employment and safeguarding its Konkani language and culture.
Article 371-I: Special provisions for the state of Maharashtra and Gujarat, providing for equitable opportunities in education and public employment for certain regions.
These provisions under Article 371 aim to protect the interests of these states, particularly those with tribal populations or distinct cultural identities, while ensuring their integration into the larger Indian framework.
This article facilitated the continuity of agreements and arrangements between states, ensuring the seamless functioning of inter-state relations in various domains such as trade, transport, and administration.
This article aimed to preserve the continuity of specific laws deemed essential for the functioning of the legal system or the governance structure.
These articles played a crucial role in ensuring the smooth transition from colonial rule to independence and in adapting the legal framework of the country to suit the requirements of a democratic republic.
Scope of Application: The provision applies broadly to any difficulty encountered in implementing the Constitution, including challenges arising from legislative or administrative processes.
Timeframe for Action: The President's authority to remove difficulties under Article 392 is typically exercised during the transitional phase following the adoption of new constitutional provisions or amendments.