At club level, he played for Metz, Saint-Étienne, Bordeaux, and Monaco, winning five Ligue 1 titles and one Coupe de France.

Born in Amnéville, Moselle, Battiston began his career at lower league club Talange (1966–1973), before he was spotted and purchased by FC Metz (1973–1980).

Battiston is particularly remembered for the 1982 FIFA World Cup semi final in Seville, when France faced West Germany.

He came off the bench in the second half, and after ten minutes of play, following a through ball by Platini, Battiston was clear through the German defence racing towards goal.

After winning the game, the goalkeeper caused more controversy when he was told that Battiston had lost two teeth, and replied: "If that's all that's wrong with him, I'll pay him the crowns.