Dudek's father, Sławomir, was a professional rider[1] and Patryk gained his speedway licence in 2008.

In June 2014, Dudek tested positive for a banned substance following a Polish league match against Stal Gorzów.

He was subsequently issued a 12-month ban by the FIM from all international speedway competitions, starting that August.

Expectations for the 2018 season were high based on his status as world number 2 but he struggled to repeat the success and finished a 9th in the 2018 Speedway Grand Prix.

[6] In July 2023, he was part of the Polish team that won the gold medal in the 2023 Speedway World Cup final.