Anton Pál herceg; 22 April 1711 – 18 March 1762) was a Hungarian prince, soldier and patron of music from the Esterházy family.

Paul Anton Esterházy de Galántha was born in Eisenstadt, Archduchy of Austria on 22 April 1711 as the son of Prince Joseph Anton Esterházy de Galántha (1688–1721) and his wife, born Baroness Maria Octavia von Gilleis zu Theras und Sonnenberg (1688–1762).

In August 1733, in London, he became a freemason: On Tuesday last Prince Anthony Esterházy, lately arrived here, and another german Nobleman, a Relative to the Elector of Mentz, were admitted Free and Accepted Masons, at the French Lodge, held the first and third Tuesday of every Month, at the Duke of Lorraine's head in Suffolk Street.

[4] Because of his many successes on the battlefield, he was appointed Fieldmarshal-Lieutenant (German: de:Feldmarschall-Leutnant) in 1747 and was sent after the war as imperial envoy to Naples, where he stayed between 1750 and 1753.

He brought in new players, reassigned his aging Kapellmeister Gregor Werner to cover just church music, and appointed the young Joseph Haydn as Vice-Kapellmeister, in charge of the orchestra.