[4] He won the FA Youth Cup with Leeds during the 1996–97 season,[5] and kept a clean sheet on his senior debut, a 0–0 draw against Chelsea on 25 October 1998.

[8] Martyn left for Everton at the start of the following season, with young goalkeepers Danny Milosevic and Scott Carson taking over as backups for Robinson.

[12] During the 2003–04 season, Robinson scored his first professional goal,[13] a header against Swindon Town in the closing moments of a League Cup match.

Robinson saved a penalty, whilst a Swindon player missed another one by hitting the post, resulting in Leeds winning the match.

[22] He became the third goalkeeper of six in Premier League history (excluding own goals) to score after Peter Schmeichel for Aston Villa in 2001,[23] Brad Friedel for Blackburn Rovers in 2004,[24] then followed by Tim Howard for Everton in 2012, Asmir Begović for Stoke City in 2013[25] and Alisson Becker for Liverpool in 2021.

[21] Robinson joined Blackburn Rovers on 25 July 2008 for a fee of £3.5 million on a five-year deal, making him Paul Ince's first signing at the club.

[42] Despite this result, Blackburn reached as high as seventh position in the league in January, following a 2–0 victory over West Bromwich Albion.

[43] This resulted in Robinson being yet again linked with a move away from Blackburn, with Aston Villa, Liverpool and former club Tottenham all rumoured to be interested in signing him.

[44] Following the win over West Brom, however, Blackburn's form dipped sharply, with the club eventually finishing in 15th, having won just 2 out of its last 14 matches.

[48] The 2011–12 season started much as the previous one had ended, with Blackburn taking until 17 September to win a match, a 4–3 victory at home to Arsenal.

[50] In a repeat of the previous season, Robinson conceded seven goals as Blackburn lost an away match 7–1, this time to Arsenal, on 4 February 2012.

[55] Following Blackburn's relegation, it was rumoured that Robinson would immediately return to the top flight, with Queens Park Rangers and West Ham United said to be interested, however no move materialized.

[63] On 4 January 2014, Robinson returned to the senior Blackburn team, playing in the 1–1 FA Cup draw with Manchester City.

[74] His next appearance on the England bench came two years later, under new manager Sven-Göran Eriksson, who selected him for a friendly match against Portugal on 7 September 2002, where he once again remained an unused substitute.

[75] He won his first cap in a 3–1 defeat against Australia on 12 February 2003, a match notable for the entire England team being substituted at half-time (at which point Robinson was brought on in place of David James).

[77] Robinson was part of England's Euro 2004 squad, selected as an understudy to David James,[78] although he made no appearances in the tournament.

[82] In addition to the clean sheet against Paraguay, he kept one in the group match against Trinidad and Tobago, although he drew criticism for making errors on crosses.

[91] As a result, McClaren dropped Robinson for the final qualifying match against Croatia in November, replacing him with Scott Carson.

[92] Robinson did not feature in new manager Fabio Capello's plans until a friendly match against France on 26 March 2008, where he was named as a substitute.

[93] He remained on the substitute's bench for the start of the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign, but was dropped from the team altogether after a friendly against Germany on 19 November 2008.

[5] Robinson was recalled to the England squad in 2009 for the World Cup qualification matches against Kazakhstan and Andorra, as regular goalkeeper David James and back-up Ben Foster were unavailable due to injury.

[5] He was dropped from the bench for England's 5–1 victory over Croatia on 9 September 2009,[5] and withdrew from the squad with a hip injury before the next qualifiers against Ukraine and Belarus.

[95] Blackburn manager Sam Allardyce said in April 2010 that Robinson should be the number one goalkeeper for England again due to his impressive club form;[96] however, Robinson failed to make the England squad for the 2010 World Cup in South Africa, with Joe Hart, David James and Robert Green being selected instead, a decision which prompted criticism from both Allardyce, who stated, "[Fabio Capello] has made the biggest mistake of his selection process,"[81] and Gordon Banks, who stated, "Blackburn picked up halfway through the season but even when Robinson was letting goals in, they weren't necessarily his fault.

[102] In February 2014, Robinson said that he would be open to an international return for the 2014 FIFA World Cup if England manager Roy Hodgson decided to recall him.