According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Peach Orchard Township has a total area of 24.20 square miles (62.68 km2), all land.

As of the 2020 census[1] there were 551 people, 234 households, and 150 families residing in the township.

There were 255 housing units at an average density of 10.54 per square mile (4.07/km2).

The racial makeup of the township was 91.83% White, 0.00% African American, 0.54% Native American, 0.73% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 1.09% from other races, and 5.81% from two or more races.

32.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.