Etsaputu Lujan, Armbruster & Rengifo, 2011 Sophiancistrus Isbrücker & Seidel, 2001 Peckoltia is a genus of small South American armored suckermouth catfishes.

[1] Generally, Peckoltia are considered to be those that have dorsal saddles and bands in the fins, while Heminancistrus have spots and uniform coloration.

[6] There are currently 21 recognized species in this genus: Peckoltia inhabit freshwater habitats in the Amazon basin, upper Orinoco, upper Essequibo River, and also possibly the Maroni River, as well as coastal drainages north of the Amazon to French Guiana.

[3] Peckoltia live in shallow, rocky riffles and in quieter water where they hide inside cavities in submerged logs.

Like many other catfish, Peckoltia have strong pectoral and dorsal fin spines that can be locked outwards as a defense.

[2] Four species, P. braueri, P. caenosa, P. cavatica and P. vittata, lack spots on their head while the rest have them.

P. braueri and P. cavatica have orange bands in the dorsal and caudal fins and have the bones and plates of the head and nape outlined in black; in P. caenosa and P. vittata, there are no orange bands and head plates and bones are not outlined.

P. vittata has saddles or blotches on the head and faint dark spots on the abdomen.