It is a non-denominational, coeducational boarding school located on a 280-acre (110 ha) campus, and serves students in the ninth through twelfth grades, plus a small post-graduate class.

Peddie remained coeducational until 1908, when, for social and economic reasons, it decided to begin admitting only boys.

Beginning in the 1930s, Peddie began to attract students from other countries including China and Central America.

As of 2022, 21% of Peddie's students identified as international, with top countries including China, South Korea, and Canada.

Heads of school include: Peddie uses a trimester program, with the academic year being divided into Fall, Winter, and Spring terms, each consisting of roughly 10 weeks.

Additionally, Peddie students are required to participate in after-school activities throughout the year, including sports, theater productions, volunteer opportunities, and clubs.

The program allows students to conduct research in any subject they are interested in, including STEM, English, Language, history, writing, and the arts.

The Athletic Center holds a replica of the Heisman Trophy donated to the school by Yale University lineman Larry Kelley (Peddie class of 1933), who won it in 1936, the second year in which it was given.

The course is a private facility of the Peddie Golf Club, but students and faculty have free access to the greens.

Peddie has graduates competing at the collegiate level in swimming, wrestling, basketball, track, crew, baseball, softball, soccer, lacrosse, golf, and tennis.

[15] Peddie's arch-rival is Blair Academy, and the two schools compete every year during the second week of November for the Potter-Kelley Cup.

The team has won the Swimming World Mythical National Championships eight times, including the inaugural boys' and girls' independent-school titles in 1977 and 1982.

The teams in the early 1990s were among the most-dominant high-school swimming programs in history, winning back-to-back boys' and girls' Mythical titles in 1990 and 1991.

In 2007 both the girls' and boys' teams claimed first place at the Eastern Interscholastic Swimming and Diving Championships held at La Salle University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

[21] In 2010, the girls' basketball team won the ESPN National High School Invitational, defeating Oak Hill Academy by a score of 60-44 in the tournament final and finishing the season with a 25-2 record.