Penitent Magdalene is a painting by the Italian artist Artemisia Gentileschi.

[1] She returned to the subject later in the 1620s in Mary Magdalene as Melancholy.

The painting's first home was the collection of Fernando Enriquez Afan de Ribera, the 3rd Duke of Alcala, from 1626 to 1637.

[2] He purchased the painting in Rome while he was ambassador to the Holy See during 1625-1626.

[3] In 1626, he became viceroy of Naples, and then later returned to Seville in 1631.