Penninghame in Wigtownshire, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, is a civil parish area, 8 miles (N. W.) from Wigtown.

The area is approx 16 miles in length, and from 5 to 6 miles' width, bounded on the north and east by the River Cree, and on the west by the Bladnoch; comprising nearly 38,000 acres, of which 12,000 were arable, 600 woodland and plantations, 1600 meadow, and the remainder hill pasture, moorland, moss, etc.

[3] Penninghame (spelled Peningham in 1287 in Bagimonds Roll) has been argued to be one of the earliest Anglo-Saxon place-names in south-west Scotland.

[4] Hough has proposed that it is derived either from Old English *pening-hām 'farm on which a penny geld was payable' or *pen-ingahām, the second element of which means 'homestead of the followers of...' or 'homestead of the settlers at...'.

[4] James proposes that the first element is Brittonic penn 'head; top, summit, end' incorporated into an Old English ing + ham name.

James notes that Hough's etymology of a name "implying monetary assessment of a landholding" in the 8th century would be exceptional.

[6] Between 1875 and 1885 the clachan and district were served by a halt named Mains of Penninghame Platform on the line to Whithorn from Newton Stewart with market day trains only.

The Dumfries and Galloway Council Administration Office for the Machars area of Wigtownshire is in the town of Newton Stewart (Gd: Baile Ùr nan Stiùbhartach) which lies on the southern edge of the Galloway Forest Park in the Civil Parish area of Penninghame.

Also in the same volume were deeds re the Barony of Myretoun sometimes shown as "Baronium de Frethird or Frethrid, vic.

[15] Viscount Boyd of Merton, of Merton-in-Penninghame in the County of Wigtown, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

It was created in 1960 for the Conservative politician and former Secretary of State for the Colonies, Alan Lennox-Boyd, 1st Viscount Boyd of Merton.

A bronze axe, now in the Stranraer Museum, was found in boggy ground at Merton Hall, about 2 miles west of Newton Stewart.

[19] All Saints Episcopal Church, Challoch, built as private chapel for Edward James Stopford-Blair of Penninghame House and consecrated 1872.

[24] Some places in north Penninghame which are of interest to archaeologists,[19] artists, and walkers on the Southern Upland Way are: