The border between Ukraine's Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Kherson Oblast runs through the northern part of the isthmus.
The North Crimean Canal ran through the isthmus, supplying Crimea with fresh water from the Dnieper River.
In November 1920, during the Russian Civil War, a battle was fought here between Red Army and the White troops of Pyotr Wrangel, who was in control of the Crimea.
During World War II, the combined forces of German and Romanian troops under the command of Erich von Manstein entered Crimea through the Isthmus of Perekop.
On 2 March 2014, it was reported that Russian troops were digging trenches along the border between Crimea and mainland Ukraine, which runs across the isthmus.