Perfusion

Tests verifying that adequate perfusion exists are a part of a patient's assessment process that are performed by medical or emergency personnel.

The most common methods include evaluating a body's skin color, temperature, condition (dry/soft/firm/swollen/sunken/etc), and capillary refill.

As the lead surgeons are often too busy to handle all hemodynamic control by themselves, specialists called perfusionists manage this aspect.

[5] In 1920, August Krogh was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovering the mechanism of regulation of capillaries in skeletal muscle.

[6][7] Krogh was the first to describe the adaptation of blood perfusion in muscle and other organs according to demands through the opening and closing of arterioles and capillaries.

The meaning of the terms "overperfusion" and "underperfusion" is relative to the average level of perfusion that exists across all the tissues in an individual body.

Brain perfusion (more correctly transit times) can be estimated with contrast-enhanced computed tomography.