[4] As a result of folk etymologies (such as ἰνάω ináō, "to carry off by evacuations"), it is contemporaneously extended to both sexes.

Its rupture during vaginal birth leads to widening of the gap between the anterior free borders of levator ani muscle of both sides, thus predisposing the child-bearer to prolapse of the uterus, rectum, or even the urinary bladder.

Perineal tears and episiotomy often occur in childbirth with first-time deliveries, but the risk of these injuries can be reduced by preparing the perineum, often through massage.

[8] At this point, the following muscles converge and are attached: The terminology of the perineal fascia can be confusing, and there is some controversy over the nomenclature.

[14][15] There are claims that sometimes the perineum is excessively repaired after childbirth, using a so-called "husband stitch" and that this can increase vaginal tightness or result in pain during intercourse.

Adherents claim various unproven health benefits such as improved libido, circulation, sleep, and longevity.

[20] Doctors recommend safer alternative options such as relaxation, meditation, and mindfulness, which can also achieve the same desired benefits.