When the orchid was added to the Endangered Species List in 1996 there were fewer than 35 individuals remaining, divided amongst small populations located on the islands of Kauai, Maui, and Molokai.

[4] The largest population, located on Molokai, is surrounded by a fence for protection from feral pigs, a main threat to the survival of the species.

Other threats include damage to the habitat by cattle and the invasion of introduced species of plants such as glory bush (Tibouchina herbacea), Koster's curse (Clidemia hirta), and Maui pamakani (Ageratina adenophora).

[5] Many aspects of the plant's life cycle are unknown, including its mode of reproduction, its longevity, and limiting factors.

[6] It grows in moist and wet forests and bogs, on ridges, and in the subalpine zone on lava substrates.