The origin of this permanent deputation it is not the period of constitutionalism (19th century-present) when it was deeply regulated but the Spanish medieval times.
[3] Despite its secondary character, sometimes it assumed more powers than it was granted to it by the Constitution, defying the Monarch or supplanting the parliament itself when it did not agree with it.
The highest point of confrontation took place on April 23, 1873, when the whole government was summoned and all the ministers except the president appeared.
The constituent parliament met for the first time in June, but the republic would turn into a dictatorship in January 1874 and it would finally fall in December 1874.
The 1931 regulation established that the Deputation would known about the suspension of constitutional rights, about decree-laws and about matters of arrest of MPs.
The current Spanish Constitution establishes one Permanent Deputation for each House of the Parliament with a minimum of 21 members proportionally chosen by the Parliamentary Groups and chaired by the speakers.
The distribution of seats is the following:[12] The Agreement of the Bureau of the Congress of Deputies of 25 October 2023 established a 69-member Permanent Deputation chaired by the Speaker.