The Bolivian Army, under the command of General José Ballivián, occupied the Peruvian provinces of Moquegua, Puno, Tarapacá, Tacna and Arica.

At the end of 1841, after the battle of Ingavi, troops of the Bolivian Second Division under General José Ballivián occupied Peru from Moquegua to Tarapacá.

José Rosa Ara also organized a column in Locumba, Tacna, composed of Peruvian soldiers and peasants and in the Battle of the Altos de Chipe they defeated a Bolivian regiment.

In the Recapture of Tarapacá, Peruvian montoneros formed by Major Juan Buendía, coming from Iquique, defeated on January 7, 1842, the detachment led by Colonel José María García, who was killed in the confrontation.

Both countries agreed to remain as separate sovereign states and the retreat of the last Bolivian troops on Peruvian territory was accomplished eight days later.

[9] Bolivia unconditionally renounced all claims in southern Peruvian territory, but nevertheless, the treaty did not manage to solve the border problem between the two states.

With the re-emergence of nationalism and anti-Chilean sentiment as a consequence of the War of the Pacific, the prospect of unification again began to become more common in political discourse between both states.