Petrus Apianus

[2] His work on "cosmography", the field that dealt with the earth and its position in the universe, was presented in his most famous publications, Astronomicum Caesareum (1540) and Cosmographicus liber (1524).

At Landshut, he produced his Cosmographicus Liber (1524), a highly respected work on astronomy and navigation which was to see more than 40 reprints in four languages (Latin; French, 1544; Dutch, 1545; Spanish, 1548) and that remained popular until the end of the 16th century.

[7] The printer's logo included the motto Industria superat vires in Greek, Hebrew, and Latin around the figure of a boy.

[8] Through his work, Apianus became a favourite of emperor Charles V, who had praised Cosmographicus liber at the Imperial Diet of 1530 and granted him a printing monopoly in 1532 and 1534.

Printed and bound decoratively, with about 100 known copies,[10] it included several Volvelles that allowed users to calculate dates, the positions of constellations and so on.

Thirty-five octagonal paper cut instruments were included with woodcuts that are thought to have been made by Hans Brosamer (c. 1495–1555) who may have trained under Lucas Cranach, Sr. in Wittemberg.

[14] It also incorporated star and constellation names from the work of the Arab astronomer Azophi (Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi 903–986 CE).

On this map Ursa Minor is an old woman and three maidens, Draco is four camels, and Cepheus was illustrated as a shepherd with sheep and a dog.