Peter Alexandru Herbolzheimer (German: [ˌpeːtɐ ˈhɛʁbɔlt͡sˌhaɪ̯mɐ] ⓘ; 31 December 1935 – 27 March 2010) was a Romanian-German jazz trombonist and bandleader.

In 1968, he became a member of the pit orchestra of Hamburg theater (Deutsches Schauspielhaus) directed by Hans Koller.

In the late 1970s, the band toured successfully with a "jazz gala" program with guest stars such as Esther Phillips, Stan Getz, Nat Adderley, Gerry Mulligan, Toots Thielemans, Clark Terry, and Albert Mangelsdorff.

In 1974, Herbolzheimer's band entered an annual television competition in the Belgian seaside resort Knokke, winning the Golden Swan Award.

In the 1970s and 1980s, Herbolzheimer led his orchestra for German television networks with guest musicians such as Ella Fitzgerald, Benny Goodman, Sammy Davis Jr., Dizzy Gillespie, and Al Jarreau.