The West Branch of Conococheague Creek flows from north to south through the center of the township.

US-30 leads east to Chambersburg, the Franklin County seat, and west to McConnellsburg.

Pennsylvania Route 75 crosses the center of the township, leading south into Mercersburg.

It intersects US-30 at Fort Loudon and leads north towards Fannettsburg in the Path Valley.

The unincorporated community of Cove Gap, the birthplace of President James Buchanan, is in the western part of the township.

Other unincorporated places include Charlestown, Markes, Lemasters, Church Hill, and Upton.