Pethia is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae native to South Asia, East Asia (only Pethia stoliczkana recorded) and Mainland Southeast Asia.

[2] Some species are commonly seen in the aquarium trade.

The name Pethia is derived from the Sinhalese "pethia", a generic word used to describe any of several small species of cyprinid fishes.

[1] Most members of this genus were included in Puntius, until it was revised in 2012.

[1] Pethia contains the following species:[3]