Vlhová won the World Cup overall title in 2021 and the gold medal in the 2022 Winter Olympics in the slalom event, becoming the first Slovak skier to achieve these feats.

[4] On 17 January 2016, she qualified for the second run in giant slalom for the first time in her career in Flachau finishing 14th.

[5] In December 2018, Vlhová scored the first World Cup giant slalom win for Slovakia in a race in Semmering, Austria – she was in fourth place after the first run but set the second fastest time on the second run for the victory: her previous best GS result had been seventh.

[7] In January 2019, having finished as runner-up to Mikaela Shiffrin in the first five classic slaloms of the World Cup season, Vlhová won the slalom in Flachau, setting the fastest time on the second run to take the win after placing third in the first run and taking the winner's €70,000 prize, the biggest women's prize purse of the World Cup season.

She claimed the first individual medal for a Slovak skier – a silver in the combined – after being edged out by Wendy Holdener by three-hundredths of a second.

Vlhová started competing in the speed events in her bid to win the big crystal globe in the later part of the season.

In the season's final race, she finished 4th in a super-G in La Thuile, which was her best result in the discipline up to that point.

Vlhová finished 3rd in the overall world cup standings, winning her first small crystal globes, one for slalom and one for parallel events.

She also won two silver medals at the World Championships in Cortina d'Ampezzo, one in the alpine combined and one in slalom.

Vlhová parted ways with her Italian coach Livio Magoni shortly after the end of the 2021 season after a 5-year partnership.

[16] In 2024, the president of Slovakia Zuzana Čaputová awarded Vlhová the Order of Ľudovít Štúr, 1st class.