The Philadelphia Lazaretto was the Second quarantine hospital in the United States, built in 1799, in Tinicum Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Nearby Province Island was the site of the confinement of the Christian Moravian Indians who were brought there under protective custody from Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in 1763 when their lives were threatened by the Paxton Boys.

The facility predates similar national landmarks such as Ellis Island Immigrant Hospital and Angel Island and is considered both the oldest surviving quarantine hospital and the last surviving example of its type in the U.S.[4] The first quarantine station in Philadelphia was erected in 1743 just southwest of where the Schuylkill and Delaware Rivers meet on present-day Penrose Ferry Road.

A building was erected for use by sick people arriving at the port of Philadelphia and was known as the Pest House or the Old Lazaretto.

[4] All passenger and cargo vessels bound for the port of Philadelphia were required to dock at the Lazaretto for inspection.