He began his musical career with the violin, winning an award at the Versailles conservatory, and then took up the piano before turning to singing.

[3][4] Jaroussky was inspired to sing by the Martinique-born countertenor Fabrice di Falco.

[9][10] According to La Terrasse [fr], "this young singer with the tone of an angel and the virtuosity of the devil has come into the limelight in only a few years as the great new French vocal talent."

He also received an Echo Klassik Award in 2012 for the Album Duetti, which he recorded together with Max Emanuel Cenčić.

[17] On 13 November 2019, which marked the twentieth anniversary since his debut, a wax figure of him sculpted by Éric Saint-Chaffray was inaugurated at the Musée Grévin with his concert, where he also received the medal of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.