Copper phthalocyanine

It is highly valued for its superior properties such as light fastness, tinting strength, covering power and resistance to the effects of alkalis and acids.

However, recents trends show a reverse tendency for the baking process mainly on the grounds of economical and ecological concerns (solvent-free, shorter lead time).

Areas of interest are the oxygen reduction reaction and the sweetening of gas streams by removal of hydrogen sulfide.

[citation needed] Due to its stability, phthalo blue is also used in inks, coatings, and many plastics.

It is present in a wide variety of products,[22] such as color deposition hair conditioner,[23] gel ink pens, eye patches, parfum, shampoo, skin-care products, soap, sunscreen, tattoo ink,[24] toothpaste,[25] and even turf colorants.

It is potentially suited for organic solar cells because of its high chemical stability and uniform growth.

One of the most common donor/acceptor architectures is CuPc/C60 (buckminsterfullerene) which rapidly became a model system for the study of small organic molecules.

[31] Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) has been suggested for data storage in quantum computing, due to the length of time its electrons can remain in superposition.

[32] CuPc can be easily processed into a thin film for use in device fabrication, which makes it an attractive qubit candidate.

[34] Copper phthalocyanine dyes are produced by introducing solubilizing groups, such as one or more sulfonic acid functions.

1,3-Diiminoisoindolene, the intermediate formed during phthalocyanine manufacture, used in combination with a copper salt affords the dye GK 161.

The substance is practically insoluble in water (< 0.1 g/100 ml at 20 °C (68 °F)),[36] but soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid.

[17] Sulfonated phthalocyanine has been found to cause neuroanatomical defects in developing chicken embryos when injected directly into incubating eggs.

AFM image of Fe and Co phthalocyanines
Portion of crystal structure of CuPc, highlighting its slipped-stack packing motif. [ 35 ]