In the United States, the Physical Evaluation Board ("PEB") is a board within each military service that "determine[s] the fitness of Service members with medical conditions to perform their military duties and, for members determined unfit because of duty-related impairments, their eligibility for benefits pursuant to chapter 61 of Reference (c) [10 USC Chapter 61]...Service members may appeal the decision of the PEB.
"The Physical Evaluation Board is an important part of the Disability Evaluation System and determines whether a member should continue to serve in the US military and, if not, what military disability benefits and compensation the member may be entitled to receive.
Military compensation and benefits are different from Department of Veterans Affairs benefits and compensation, though within the framework of the Integrated Disability Evaluation System process the ratings supplied by Veterans Affairs are binding on the military.
The result of the Physical Evaluation Board and the Disability Evaluation System process overall may impact the member's total compensation, entitlement to compensation, healthcare benefits (including for eligible dependents), and miscellaneous benefits that any length of service retiree is entitled to receive.
Chapter 61 is the main statutory authority for the Secretaries of the Services Departments to retire or separate members for physical disability.