1 in A major is the first piano sonata by German composer Paul Hindemith.

In 1933, Hindemith was increasingly fearful of the newly constituted German National Regime and had lost the influence of Wilhelm Furtwängler, who conducted Hindemith's Mathis der Maler and was dismissed from his position in the Berlin State Opera.

Thanks to Kemal Atatürk, Hindemith moved to Turkey in 1936 to establish a national musical education system.

At that time, he decided to compose the sonata, before moving to Switzerland and, subsequently, to the United States of America.

These variations were later published as a stand-alone set and were to premiere that same year, but political circumstances made it impossible to be performed in public.