Completed in 1893, the former synagogue served as a place of worship until desecrated by Nazis during World War II.

After the war, the former synagogue served as a community center for Jews living in Białystok until 1968, and following a fire in 1989, the building has been used for profane purposes since 1995.

During the German occupation of Poland in World War II, the synagogue was partially destroyed.

From 1945 to 1968, it was the seat of various Białystok Jewish organisations, such as the Socio-cultural Association of Jews in Poland.

Renovation work in the 1970s removed the distinctive features that marked it as a synagogue and it burnt down in 1989.