Picramniaceae is a small, mainly neotropical family of four genera Aenigmanu, Alvaradoa, Nothotalisia[3] and Picramnia.

The most recent standard classification of the Angiosperms (the APG III system)[1] distinguishes it as a separate family and order.

It belongs to the malvids (eurosids II), one of the three groups that constitute the rosids.

Four genera are accepted:[2] In 2021, a new genus was identified from materials collected almost 50 years prior.

[4] It is named Aenigmanu for the enigma it originally presented to researchers.