[2] The most notable modern development around Pikrolimni is the creation of a spa hotel specialising in mud bath treatments (pelotherapy) on the southeast shore of the lake.

[1][8] The brine consists of a high proportion of sodium chloride and sulfate, as well as appreciable amounts of carbonates and bicarbonates which in addition to hypersaline, make the lake alkaline.

[7] Chemically, the main component is silica, with additional major contributions from alumina, sodium chloride, iron(III) oxide, sulfate and carbonate salts.

[7] Pelotherapy can have medical or cosmetic purposes; a mixture of the peloid with lake brine is claimed to possess a beneficial effect on certain pathologies, skin appearance and to a lesser extent overall health when applied in a bath or as a cataplasm.

[7] Specifically for peloids derived from Pikrolimni, their grain coarseness requires a sieving process before application, and their dark colour originates from the surface interaction of amorphous clay minerals with organic matter.

[3][4] The most notable halophytes of Pikrolimni are the alkali grass (Puccinellia convoluta), pricklegrass (Crypsis aculeata), herbaceous seablite (Suaeda maritima), (Camphorosma annua), buck's-horn plantain (Plantago coronopus), Siberian statice (Limonium gmelinii), sandspurry (Spergularia nicaeensis) and tall wheatgrass (Elymus elongatus).

[3] Regarding fauna, Pikrolimni is an important site for the breeding, passage and wintering of waterbirds as well as raptors, with more than 47 bird species listed in the Natura 2000 special protection area's data form.

[5] Some representative avians that can be found in the lake biotope include the greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) in large flocks, Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus), great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus), Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata), little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis), merlin (Falco columbarius) and short-toed snake eagle (Circaetus gallicus).