Clam worms are an important food source for bottom-feeding fish and crustaceans, though they also feed on different species of aquatic plants such as algae and diatoms.

[6] By feeding on organic matter and types of waste and debris that is in the surrounding water the worm is commonly classified as a deposit feeder, more specifically omnivorous.

Alitta succinea is a freeswimming polychaete, scavenging on the bottom of shallow marine waters.

[8] During lunar phases in the spring and early summer, the clam worm undergoes epigamy.

[8] Planktonic larvae develop, grow into adults and eventually sink to the bottom of the water.

Modifications of the heternoneid form may include an enhanced swimming ability (parapodia enlargement), body cavity filled with gametes, large eyes, and incomplete gut formation.

Both sexes swim to the surface to release gametes, and swarming increases chances of fertilization.

Environmental factors can also trigger swarming, such as temperature, salinity, light levels, and the lunar cycle.

Alitta succinea was first introduced to bodies of water to enhance the salinity and bring in new hybrids of fish that could be sold for a larger quota.