Piloña (Spanish pronunciation: [piˈloɲa]) is a municipality in the province and autonomous community of Asturias, northwestern Spain.

Piloña is bounded to the north by Villaviciosa and Colunga, to the east by Parres, to the west by Nava and Cabranes, and to the south by Ponga, Caso, Sobrescobio and Laviana.

There are several sites with paleolithic rock art and Neanderthal remains, including Sidrón Cave in Borines.

Over time it formed part of the natural path between Oviedo and Cangas de Onís, which connects central Asturias with the Asturian east.

In Roman times Beloncio was occupied, and is identified with the town Paelontium mentioned by Ptolemy as the capital of the Astur tribe known as Lugones.