Pine–cypress forest

In Japanese pine-cypress forests, pine stumps have been found to help stimulate the growth and germination of cypress trees.

Decaying pine stumps have a lower pH than surrounding soils, it is believed that this is the main factor influencing the increased prevalence of cypress seedlings.

A study based in Taiwan used computer modeling to determine the stand density index for pine-cypress forests.

[5] This helps to measure interspecies relationships within forests, including species density, competition, and tree development.

[6] Contentious management of flooding and drainage was shown to improve the health of both pine and cypress trees in a mixed ecosystem.