The high tableland between the rivers has been eroded into a region of forested buttes, ridges and canyons.
The plant and animal life in the Pine Ridge is atypical for Nebraska; the ecology is very similar to the Black Hills, 50 miles (80 km) to the north.
The Pine Ridge is one of two regions in Nebraska that support bighorn sheep; elk, river otters, mule deer, and wild turkeys are also common.
The Pine Ridge region was the setting of the closing chapters of the Indian Wars.
A large portion of the Pine Ridge is owned or managed by either the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission or by various U.S. Government agencies for preservation and recreation uses.