Most of the designs were created during the Late Woodland and Mississippian periods, which spanned from 450 to 1550 A.D.; a number of the figures were added after 1550.

A 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) tall spear-holding anthropomorph in the western group is the largest individual petroglyph in Illinois.

The rock shelter was likely used as a religious site by prehistoric inhabitants, and several of the designs appear to have mystical or spiritual significance; for instance, the winged anthropomorphs likely represent shamans.

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