In 1666, the first proprietary Governor of the Province of New Jersey, Philip Carteret, granted 12 new settlers from Massachusetts a 100 square mile allotment of land that was later founded as the townships of Piscataway and Woodbridge.

[6] Soon thereafter additional settlers from the Piscataqua River, the state boundary of New Hampshire and Maine moved to region, bringing the name.

The Proprietors of the Province of East New Jersey granted a tract of land for a burial ground and a town common on March 5, 1695.

[13][14][15][16] The Piscatawaytown Burial Ground is one of the oldest recorded cemeteries in Middlesex County and maintained by the township.

[18][4][5] The oldest readable gravestone is that of the Hoopar brothers, aged 10 and 12, who died of mushroom poisoning.