Over 270 rental homes, six apartment buildings, a post office, grocery/dry goods store (Phelps Dodge Mercantile), medical clinic with heliport, a bowling alley ("Copper Pins"), grill, a rodeo arena, horse stables, a fitness center, a shooting range, an airstrip and a swimming pool were built for the community, which even has its own ZIP Code (88009).

At its peak, the town had about 1,100 residents and included two churches built on land leased from the mining company.

Declining copper prices accelerated the closure in 1999; all of its residents were required to leave within a year,[5] though a skeleton crew of about a dozen employees remained in the area.

Before completion of razing the plant and reclamation of the site, the smelter, about 30 miles (48 km) north of the border with Mexico, was nicknamed La Estrella del Norte by illegal migrants using its lights as a beacon for crossing into the country.

The town is now a training and research facility (the Playas Training and Research Center, operated by New Mexico Tech's EMRTC) for the university's first responders, counter-terrorism,[6] and Air Force[7] programs, supported by tens of millions of dollars in federal funds.