The Plum Tree Island National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Poquoson, Virginia, located on the southwestern corner of the Chesapeake Bay.

Prior to being transferred to the jurisdiction of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in 1972, the preserve's lands were owned by the United States Department of Defense and used as a bombing range.

Due to the amount of unexploded ordnance that remains, only the 200-acre (0.81 km2) Cow Island portion of the refuge is open to the public.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

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