[1] In recent years government representatives of Poland and Romania regularly exchange high-level visits, a reflection of the mutual interest in bilateral cooperation between the two countries.

[2] Both are full members of NATO and of the European Union and are the two most populous nations to join either bloc since the end of the Cold War.

[4] During World War I, on 18–23 January 1915, the Battle of Cârlibaba was fought in present-day northern Romania between the Polish Legions and Russian troops, won by the Poles.

[7] During the war, Lucjan Skupiewski, Polish physician born in Warsaw, was the organizer and manager of all hospitals for the wounded in the Bucharest area.

[11] Both countries shared a common border in the interbellum, before the Soviet Union invaded and eventually annexed eastern Poland and northeastern Romania following the German-Soviet Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.

After the invasion of Poland which started the Second World War, up to 120,000 Polish troops withdrew through the Romanian Bridgehead area to neutral Romania and Hungary.

Because of their escape through Romania, the Polish army was one of the largest forces of the Allies prior to the United States entering the war and Germany's attack on the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa).

[18] In 1942, Polish Prime Minister-in-Exile Władysław Sikorski's intervention to British and American authorities thwarted Soviet attempts to obtain Allied approval for the planned annexation of eastern Poland and Romania.

The Polish soldiers equipped with Rosomak armoured personnel carriers are deployed as part of Multinational Brigade South-East.

The soldiers, equipped with Flakpanzer Gepard self-propelled anti-aircraft guns and one radar station, are deployed as part of Multinational Battalion Battle Group Poland.