Poland Township is one of the fourteen townships of Mahoning County, Ohio, United States.

The 2020 census found 14,664 people in the township.

Located in the eastern part of the county along the Pennsylvania border, it borders the following townships: Three municipalities are located in Poland Township: It is the only Poland Township statewide.

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[5] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.