Polotsk Region (Belarusian: Полацкая вобласць; Russian: Полоцкая область) was an administrative division in the Byelorussian SSR.

It included territories of eastern Polesia and consisted of 15 districts.

The administrative centre was Polotsk.

In August 1944, there were serious considerations to transfer Polotsk and its surrounding areas (18,000 square kilometers) with ~400,000 people from the Byelorussian SSR to the Russian SFSR, however Joseph Stalin, persuaded by Panteleimon Ponomarenko, eventually rejected to approve the already prepared transferring documents and subsequently Polotsk functioned as the center of Polotsk Region between 20 September 1944 and 8 January 1954.

The city of Polotsk became part of the former.