Polish jazz has a history that spans periods of both acceptance and political repression.
As early as the 1930s, clubs in Warsaw, Kraków, Rzeszów or Poznań would play some jazz.
Although groups like Melomani existed, jazz was officially condemned and forbidden from the radio.
After the death of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, jazz in Poland gained renewed freedom.
Krzysztof Komeda became the leader of a modern jazz movement that did not copy the American way of playing but developed its own "European" style, especially with his album Astigmatic[4] recorded in December 1965.